Eupatoria; al.: Gemeiner Wasserdost; English.: Hemp agrimony
Herb
The herbaceous plant big, lively, has opposed leaves divided into three or five leaflets and jagged sharp reminder that the Indian hemp. The flowers, pink or red, tubular, chapters are grouped in small (<05 cm) which in turn are grouped in a compound curds.
Source
The yevpatoriya, a native of central Europe is a very common plant. It grows in bulk form dense populations in the gutters and rose garden on the edge of the creeks in the malls, along with hedges and in the humid forest fire.
Chemical composition
This plant has resulted in numerous research studies. It has been shown the presence of triterpenes, acids and phenols poliínos. Among its many components, has been described an essential oil (0.3%) [652, 653], flavonoids [653, 654], derived benzodihidrofuránicos [655,658], esters of nerol and a clerodano (cannaclerodanólido, dilactona diterpene) [ 658]. Also there are many alkaloids pirrolizidínicos both sides in the air (and its stereoisomers equinatina: licopsamina, intermedina, rinderina) and roots (supinina). It was also found Acetic acid esters, angels, tíglicos and isovaléricos [653, 656, 657]. In the air bodies have been identified two polysaccharides, polymer heterogeneous xylose acid and 4-O-methyl-glocurónico [659].
Sesquiterpenes lactones. These are mostly esters (4-hydroxy-tiglate, tiglate ...), of 8ß-hydroxy germacranólidos: eupatoriopicrina (0.4% in aerial parts) and its derivatives (19-O-acetyl, 20-deoxy, 3ß - hydroxy, 19-O-linolenil), eupatólido. Other lactones have a similar structure: DERIVATIVE 3-O-acetyl (eg cromolaénido, eucannabinólido), from 10.14-dehydro hydroxylated in 1 (sacalinina), a derivative of costunólido. The eupaquifolina C (a guayanólido) is the product of oxidation of eupatoriopicrina [658, 660].
Pharmacological data
Recognized as colerética, this drug has recently drawn attention to the properties of their cytostatic lactones.
Its activities colerética and hepatoprotective. We show that by administering parts of rat, iv 250 mg / kg produced a colerética. This is coleresis home hepatocitario as evidenced by the marked increase in clearance erythritol. It was also demonstrated in rats, hepatoprotective properties of the drug: its pre-emptive action with respect to the increase in transaminase (GPT) induced by CCI4 is identical (0,25-1 g / kg) to that produced by the thistle seed marie (1 g / kg) [661, 666]. The yevpatoriya is also salidiurético [666].
Cytotoxicity. In vitro, the eupatoriopicrina acts on HeLa cells and KB, on the human lung carcinoma (DI50 = 1.5 mg / ml) [662, 663 and ref. mentioned], as well as on other cells. This act seems lactone level A.D.N. [664]. In vivo, only a temporary slowing of the growth of solid tumors implanted in mice (3x20 mg / kg., Tumor Lewis) [662].
Immunostimulant properties. Polysaccharides (10-2 - 10-5 g/100 ml) stimulated phagocytosis of granulocyte and provide positive results in other tests used to determine this type of activity (chemiluminescence, clearance of carbon ... [659, 665] ).
Employment
There seems to have been carried out clinical trials in humans with this medicinal plant, and although most of the works "classic" of Pharmacognosy almost no mention of their use, some of them relate that in folk medicine, is used as colerética. In fact, that is collected from the first century before Christ was already used to relieve "diseases of the liver" and in Arabic medicine, is known as a diuretic. In the nineteenth century became a colerética usual. Today is not used much.
There has been no acute toxicity in mice with aqueous extract (2 g / kg, [666]).
The drug
The leaves, divided into 3-5 segments, are opposed. The involvement of the chapters, cylindrical, is made up of bracts of unequal length: the external ones are shorter than domestic ones.
The flowers, pink and having ligules, are in a receptacle without scales: the style is always hairless. The achenes are black and free. In the absence of a formal method of control, you can conduct a study by CCF to verify the presence of lactones majority (revealing KMnO4) or the acidic phenols and flavonoids (UV and developer of difenilborato aminoethanol).
Bibliography
[652] H. HENDRIKS, R. BOS and A. P. Bruins
Analysis of the essential oil of Eupatorium cannabinum by com -
bined Gas Chromatography-mas spectrometry using electron im -
pact and negative ion chemical ionization
Planta Med., 51, 541-542, 1985.
[653] H. HENDRICKS, T.M. MALINGRÉ and E.T. ELEM
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids, flavonoids and volatile compounds in
the Eupatorium genus. Eupatorium cannabinum L., an ancient
drug with new perspectives
Pharm. Weekblad. [Sc. Ed.], 5, 281-286, 1983.
[654] R. AQUINO, M. D'AGOSTINO, M. DOMESTIC, F. SENA -
And Tore O. SCHETTINO.
Flavonoid glycosides from Eupatorium cannabinum subsp. can -
nabinum
Phytotherapy, 59, 236-238, 1988.
[655] R. SIEBERTZ, P. Proksch, V. WRAY and L. WITTE
Accumulation and BioSynthesis of benzofurans in root crops
Eupatorium of cannabinum
Phytochemistry, 28, 789-793, 1989.
[656] H. HENDRIKS, W. BALRAADJSING, H.J. HUIZINGA and A.P.
Bruins
Investigation into the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Europe
patorium cannabinum by means of positive and negative ion
chemical ionization GC-MS
Planta Med., 53, 456-461, 1987.
[657] H.J. Huizinga, F. DE BOER, H. HENDRIKS, W. BALRAADJ -
SING and A.P. Bruins.
Positive and negative ion chemical ionization mass-spectrum
metry of trimethylsilyl derivatives of pyrrolizidine alkaloids
using NH + and OH-ions as the reactant.
Biomed. Environ. Mass Spectrom, 13, 293-298, 1986.
[658] C. ZDERO and F. BOHLMANN
Eupatoriopicrin 19-O-linolenoate and other constituents from
Eupatorium cannabinum
Planta Med., 53, 169-172, 1987.
[659] A. Vollmer. W. SCHÄFER and H. WAGNER
Immunologically active polysaccharide of Eupatorium canna -
binum and Eupatorium perfoliatum
Phytochemistry, 25, 377-381, 1986.
[660] H.J. WOERDENBAG
Eupatorium cannabinum L. A review emphasizing the SESQUI -
terpene lactones and their biological activity
Pharm. Weekblad. [Sc. ed.], 8, 245-251, 1986.
[661] A. LEXA, J. FLEURENTIN, P.R. Lehr, F. Mortier, M. PRU -
VOST and J.M. PELT
Choleretic and hepatoprotective properties of Eupatorium can
nabinum in the Rat
Planta Med., 55, 127-132, 1989.
[662] H.J. WOERDENBAG, C. MEIJER, N.H. MULDER, E.G.E. DE
VRIES, H. HENDRIKS and T.M. MALINGRÉ
Evaluation of the in vitro cytotoxicity of some Sesquiterpenes lac -
tones on a human lung carcinoma cells line using the fast-gre
in dye exclusion assay
Planta Med., 52, 112-114, 1986.
[663] H.J. WOERDENBAG, W. LEMSTRA, H. HENDRIKS, T.M.
MALINGRÉ and A.W.T. Konings
Investigation of the anti-tumor action of eupatoriopicrin
Against the Lewis lung tumor
Planta Med., 53, 318-322, 1987.
[664] H.J. WOERDENBAG, J.C.C. VAN DER LINDE, H.H. KAM -
PING, T.M. MALINGRÉ and A.W.T. Konings
Induction of DNA damage in cells by exposure to EAT-EUPAT
riopicrin
Planta Med., 55, 101, 1989.
[665] (a) H. WAGNER
Immunostimulants from higher plants (recent advances). In:
Biologically active natural products, K. HOSTETTMANN and P.J.
LEA, ed., Oxford, Clarendon Press, 127-141, 1987.
(b) H. WAGNER and A. Proksch, Immunostimulatory of drugs
fungi and higher plants. In: Economic and medicinal plant re -
search, H. WAGNER, H. HIKINO and N.R. FARNSWORTH, ed.,
London, Academic Press, 1, 113-153, 1985.
[666] A. LEXA ROBIN
Cholérétiques properties, antihépatotoxiques et diurétiques
Eupatorium L. d'cannabinum: approche-ethnopharmacologi
than
Doctoral Thesis, University of Metz (Science), Center des
I'environnement of Sciences, Metz, 24 octobre 1988
Diseases whose treatment is appropriate in this plant
Viral Hepatitis
Flu
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